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How do I join two tables?

I was following this tutorial on Drupal module development. It talks about database query joins in module development. The tutorial is made for Drupal 8 and I’m using Drupal 9.

Then I made this (look at the join part):

  protected function load () {
    $select = Database::getConnection()->select('rsvplist', 'r');
    $select.join('users_field_data', 'u', 'r.uid = u.uid');
    $select->join('node_field_data', 'n', 'r.nid = n.nid');
    $select->addField('u', 'name');
    $select->addField('n', 'title');
    $select->addField('r', 'mail');
    $entries = $select->execute()->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
    return $entries;
  }

But get this error:

warning: join() expects at most 2 parameters, 3 given in DrupalrsvplistControllerReportController->load() (line 24 of /var/www/htdocs/drupal-modules/modules/custom/rsvplist/src/Controller/ReportController.php)
#0 /var/www/htdocs/drupal-modules/core/includes/bootstrap.inc(305): _drupal_error_handler_real(2, 'join() expects ...', '/var/www/htdocs...', 24)
#1 [internal function]: _drupal_error_handler(2, 'join() expects ...', '/var/www/htdocs...', 24, Array)
#2 /var/www/htdocs/drupal-modules/modules/custom/rsvplist/src/Controller/ReportController.php(24): join('users_field_dat...', 'u', 'r.uid = u.uid')
#3 /var/www/htdocs/drupal-modules/modules/custom/rsvplist/src/Controller/ReportController.php(52): DrupalrsvplistControllerReportController->load()
#4 [internal function]: DrupalrsvplistControllerReportController->report()
#5 /var/www/htdocs/drupal-modules/core/lib/Drupal/Core/EventSubscriber/EarlyRenderingControllerWrapperSubscriber.php(123): call_user_func_array(Array, Array)
#6 /var/www/htdocs/drupal-modules/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Render/Renderer.php(573): DrupalCoreEventSubscriberEarlyRenderingControllerWrapperSubscriber->DrupalCoreEventSubscriber{closure}()
#7 /var/www/htdocs/drupal-modules/core/lib/Drupal/Core/EventSubscriber/EarlyRenderingControllerWrapperSubscriber.php(124): DrupalCoreRenderRenderer->executeInRenderContext(Object(DrupalCoreRenderRenderContext), Object(Closure))
#8 /var/www/htdocs/drupal-modules/core/lib/Drupal/Core/EventSubscriber/EarlyRenderingControllerWrapperSubscriber.php(97): DrupalCoreEventSubscriberEarlyRenderingControllerWrapperSubscriber->wrapControllerExecutionInRenderContext(Array, Array)
#9 /var/www/htdocs/drupal-modules/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/HttpKernel.php(158): DrupalCoreEventSubscriberEarlyRenderingControllerWrapperSubscriber->DrupalCoreEventSubscriber{closure}()
#10 /var/www/htdocs/drupal-modules/vendor/symfony/http-kernel/HttpKernel.php(80): SymfonyComponentHttpKernelHttpKernel->handleRaw(Object(SymfonyComponentHttpFoundationRequest), 1)
#11 /var/www/htdocs/drupal-modules/core/lib/Drupal/Core/StackMiddleware/Session.php(57): SymfonyComponentHttpKernelHttpKernel->handle(Object(SymfonyComponentHttpFoundationRequest), 1, true)
#12 /var/www/htdocs/drupal-modules/core/lib/Drupal/Core/StackMiddleware/KernelPreHandle.php(47): DrupalCoreStackMiddlewareSession->handle(Object(SymfonyComponentHttpFoundationRequest), 1, true)
#13 /var/www/htdocs/drupal-modules/core/modules/page_cache/src/StackMiddleware/PageCache.php(106): DrupalCoreStackMiddlewareKernelPreHandle->handle(Object(SymfonyComponentHttpFoundationRequest), 1, true)
#14 /var/www/htdocs/drupal-modules/core/modules/page_cache/src/StackMiddleware/PageCache.php(85): Drupalpage_cacheStackMiddlewarePageCache->pass(Object(SymfonyComponentHttpFoundationRequest), 1, true)
#15 /var/www/htdocs/drupal-modules/core/lib/Drupal/Core/StackMiddleware/ReverseProxyMiddleware.php(47): Drupalpage_cacheStackMiddlewarePageCache->handle(Object(SymfonyComponentHttpFoundationRequest), 1, true)
#16 /var/www/htdocs/drupal-modules/core/lib/Drupal/Core/StackMiddleware/NegotiationMiddleware.php(52): DrupalCoreStackMiddlewareReverseProxyMiddleware->handle(Object(SymfonyComponentHttpFoundationRequest), 1, true)
#17 /var/www/htdocs/drupal-modules/vendor/stack/builder/src/Stack/StackedHttpKernel.php(23): DrupalCoreStackMiddlewareNegotiationMiddleware->handle(Object(SymfonyComponentHttpFoundationRequest), 1, true)
#18 /var/www/htdocs/drupal-modules/core/lib/Drupal/Core/DrupalKernel.php(706): StackStackedHttpKernel->handle(Object(SymfonyComponentHttpFoundationRequest), 1, true)
#19 /var/www/htdocs/drupal-modules/index.php(19): DrupalCoreDrupalKernel->handle(Object(SymfonyComponentHttpFoundationRequest))
#20 {main}

Drupal 9’s join don’t accepts the third argument:

'r.uid = u.uid'

A made some research but I was not able to find an equivalent example about how to use join this way in Drupap 9 documentation and other sources.

How can I add joins to a query in Drupal 9?

This article was republished from its original source.
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